Recently, China Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Institute, Greatwall Strategy Consultants and UNESCO International Research and Training Center for Science and Technology Strategy jointly organized “One Belt, One Road” Science and Technology Innovation Think Tank Network – Seminar on Practices in Science, Technology and Innovation Policies". At the meeting, researchers from Brazil, Iran and Pakistan proposed a series of representative questions for the process of technological innovation in developing countries. Twenty-seven scientific researchers from 11 countries along the “Belt and Road” have shown their “cheats”, learning from each other and sharing experiences, hoping to improve the formulation and practice of science and technology innovation policies in their respective countries.